To remove hyperpigmentation one should deal with dark spots provoked by hormones, sun exposure, skin damage, skin type peculiarities, medications or skin conditions. To exemplify, melasma (aka the mask of pregnancy) treatment involves removal of the darkened facial areas provoked by pregnancy caused hormonal changes.
Hyperpigmentation removal alternatives
Treatment choice depends on hyperpigmentation causes, set aims and skin type. You should visit competent facial plastic surgeon or dermatologist first to find out the cause of dark spots appearance. Normally, doctors scrutinize client’s skin, take his or her medical history and recommend treatment proceeding from outcomes obtained. Risks, expenses and recovery period related to suggested measures should be specified.
You may be advised to employ lighting cream or change your skin care habits. Treatment alternatives vary from switching to health-and-beauty aids that don’t affect skin pigmentation to invasive methods.
Hyperpigmentation medication
Bleaching products to remove hyperpigmentation by diminishing melanin (dark pigment) production should contain such ingredients as: Arbutin, Vitamin C, Glycyrrhetinic (acidlicorice extract), Kojic acid, Retinol (Tretinoin, all-trans retinoic acid), Melanostat, Hydroquinone (being slightly toxic they are involved in some medications in safe amounts), glutathione, AHA, Azelaic acid.
Whitening agent hydroquinone stops melanin (pigment cells to determine skin tone) production. You can get it even with no prescription in small doses. It can be used with Retin-A or other products. You should obey doctor’s directions to improve the outcomes and avoid such complications as irritation, lasting hypopigmentation (reduced pigmentation), increased pigmentation if sunblocks are not employed, and ochronosis (dark marks or discolorations) if overdosing.
Retin-A (prescription topical retinoid obtained from Vitamin A) peels skin and boosts its regeneration, reducing problem areas. It varies by strength. It’s seven modifications are frequently taken in an ascending manner. It may be combined with lighting agents, i.e. hydroquinone. For example, prescription topical skin bleaching medication TriLuma contains both hydroquinone and Retin-A.
Procedures to remove dark spots:
Exfoliation is a good option. Result obtained is determined by the depth of penetration.
Microdermabrasion, which implies dead epithelium elimination with rough surface, is commonly used for blemish treatment and is claimed to be effective for hyperpigmentation spots removal. Diamond microdermabrasion and crystal microdermabrasion techniques can be distinguished. The former employs diamond-tipped wand for epithelium elimination while the latter applies aluminum oxide crystals.
Laser skin resurfacing is a widespread invasive technique used for elimination of wrinkles, scars and hyperpigmentation. It involves defective layer ablation to uncover younger skin layer and to boost collagen renewal. Laser resurfacing is a gentle procedure requiring less time for recovering.
You may find some nonprescription chemical peels for hyperpigmentation removal and elimination of wrinkles and liver spots. Dermathologist can advise Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) to eliminate age spots. Glycolic acid peel and Jessner peel can also help to remove hyperpigmentation dark spots